What is the Nova programme?
The Nova programme is one of CDI’s pilot programmes, now in its second year of a three-year phase. Nova is a Youth Mental Health Programme. The name ‘Nova’ means new star, and it was born out of an idea from the project’s Youth Advisory Group. The Nova programme focuses on examining and developing a multi-layered approach to working with Emotionally Based School Avoidance (EBSA). EBSA is a term used for young people who may have challenges attending school due to negative feelings (such as anxiety).
Young people with EBSA present with emotional and physical distress and a reluctance to attend school, which can lead to reduced attendance and further anxiety regarding school. EBSA is not a clinical diagnosis; however, it is strongly linked with difficulties in mental health. Previously, EBSA may have been referred to as ‘school refusal’ or ‘truancy’; however, this language does not fully capture the nuances of EBSA. The Nova programme is aimed at schools, parents and young people and is being coordinated by CDI in conjunction with several local and national stakeholders.
Where did the idea for Nova come from?
The Inbetweeners Report, a study on youth mental health among 12-18-year-olds in Tallaght identified a cohort of up to 1,500 young people with unmet mental health needs. This gap in service provision was often due to lack of service capacity, young people not meeting access criteria, or an unclear referral pathway where the young person has more than one modality of mental health need. From this research, schools were identified as a critical point of early intervention and access to mental health support. As outlined above, EBSA can be an indicator of underlying mental health issues. In addition, the number of young people displaying school-avoidant behaviours was reported to be increasing (McCarthy, E. and Comiskey, C., 2019). This trend has been compounded by the global COVID-19 health pandemic and its related school closures and restrictions. Having a level of anxiety about returning to school after the pandemic is completely normal for many students. For most students, the transition back into familiar and predictable routines will ease some of this anxiety; however, there are likely to be additional challenges for a certain cohort of young people. The level of anxiety being experienced will mean that more intensive support, outside of those currently offered by schools, is needed for EBSA.
How does the programme operate?
The design for Nova was informed by a comprehensive narrative review of interventions for school avoidance. This piece of work was commissioned by CDI and carried out by Gillian Walsh (2020). The findings of this review are available to view here.
The Nova programme incorporates three levels of service delivery: a universal intervention, a targeted intervention and a direct intervention in response to EBSA. This layered intervention is needed as the reasons for EBSA are often complex and multi-faceted, requiring a high level of interagency cooperation. Multiple interacting factors at the school, child and family level may result in EBSA. Nine schools are currently involved with the Nova programme: four secondary and five primary schools. CDI also works closely with several agencies, including but not limited to; Tusla’s Educational Support Services (TESS), the National Educational Psychology Service (NEPS) and researchers from the Global Health Department of Trinity College Dublin (TCD).
Who is involved with the Nova programme?
Nine schools are currently involved with the Nova programme in the Tallaght and surrounding areas. The Nova programme is fortunate to have committed partners in these schools. These schools have been identified as a result of TESS’s ongoing work with the schools.
| Primary Schools | URL |
|---|---|
| St Mark’s Senior National School, Springfield | https://saintmarks.ie/ |
| St Aidan’s Senior National School, Brookfield | https://www.staidanssns.ie/ |
| St Dominic’s National School, Millbrook Lawns | https://stdominicsnationalschool.wordpress.com/history/ |
| Firhouse Educate Together National School | http://www.firhouseetns.ie/ |
| St Maelruan’s Senior National School (Scoil Maelruan), Old Bawn | http://www.scoilmaelruainsenior.ie/ |
| Secondary Schools | URL |
|---|---|
| St Mark’s Community School, Springfield | https://stmarkscs.ie/ |
| St Aidan’s Community School, Brookfield | http://www.sacs.ie/ |
| Firhouse Educate Together Secondary School | http://www.firhouseetss.ie/ |
| Old Bawn Community School | https://oldbawncs.ie/ |
What has the Nova programme achieved so far?
As previously mentioned, Nova operates on three levels:
Universal intervention – Developing and utilising the School Avoidance Toolkit
The Nova programme operates on several levels, with one of the core elements being to provide systemic support to the nine involved schools to promote well-being and prevent and respond to EBSA in a school setting. Schools have been working closely alongside CDI to adapt existing School Avoidance Toolkits to be used within the context of Tallaght and its surrounding areas. This has been completed in consultation with a dedicated Working Group. As a result, two Resource Packs have been created for Educators and Parents, which will be available on the CDI website shortly. This Resource Pack will support teachers and parents to recognise the early signs of EBSA and signpost to identifying existing effective resources. The CDI expects to roll out specialist training on this resource pack soon. We will also develop a version of the Toolkit specifically aimed at children and young people. This will happen in collaboration with our Youth Advisory Group. It is hoped that this Toolkit can be accessed in an interactive format over the next few months. Stay tuned!
Targeted intervention – Rolling out of FRIENDS programmes in partnering schools
The FRIENDS programmes are evidence-based complementary programmes which aim to prevent anxiety and build resilience, developed by Dr Paula Barrett in Australia. All three school-based FRIENDS programmes are currently on offer as part of the Nova programme; ‘Fun Friends’, ‘Friends for Life’ and ‘My Friends Youth. The FRIENDS programmes help students to develop resilience by teaching them effective strategies to cope with, problem-solve and manage all kinds of emotional distress, including worry, stress, change and anxiety. Skills learned throughout the programme help students both now and in later life. The FRIENDS intervention was chosen specifically because of its focus on building positive coping skills and reducing anxiety in school children, both indicators for EBSA. Teachers can run the programme as a whole class or small group intervention. CDI is working with NEPS and local schools to get all schools who are involved with the Nova programme, trained in delivering the FRIENDS programmes in primary and secondary school settings. All schools now have staff trained in FRIENDS and CDI has worked with each school to develop a unique implementation plan for this Academic Year. Schools are given ongoing support from CDI to implement FRIENDS.
Direct intervention – Coordinating Meitheal support for children and young people most at risk
For young people and children with an established presentation of EBSA, CDI is working with TESS to implement the Meitheal interagency approach. The Meitheal approach works well where a young person is engaging with more than one service at any time. As EBSA can result from a number of factors interacting together, interagency working is often necessary to address the needs at the child, family and school levels. The Meitheal model within the Nova programme will build upon existing practices for Meitheal. At present, there needs to be more effective screening for EBSA. During the Meitheal process, an effective criteria and screening process for EBSA will be determined. Young people with complex presentations of EBSA will also get the crucial support they require directly. The CDI are responsible for working effectively with TESS and the CFSN to coordinate these Meitheal processes. Researchers at Trinity College Dublin are externally evaluating this element of the Nova programme.
Specialist Supports for Schools
While the support for the children and young people involved with the Nova programme extend to three layers, there is an additional layer of support for schools to identify examples of best practices when working with EBSA. CDI, in conjunction with a variety of area experts, will facilitate these Communities of Practice (CoPs).
Evaluations/Research
Nova is the final stages of the pilot phase and evaluations are ongoing. We expect to have data from the 2023-2024 Academic Year available soon. At present, CDI is working closing with TCD to evaluate the effectiveness of the Meitheal model. A number of Working Groups, with a range of organisations represented, have been established to oversee and drive aspects of the programme. Here is a brief summary of each of our working groups:
Meitheal Working Group
This group comprises of members of Tusla’s CFSN, TESS and CDI. The purpose of this Working Group is to oversee the implementation of the Meitheal interagency approach in the Nova programme and to provide support for the Nova coordinator.
Toolkit Working Group
This group comprises of school staff from local schools, both primary and secondary. The purpose of this Working Group is to share accurate information on the current challenges of schools in order to inform the Toolkit’s design.
School Based Intervention Working Group
This group comprises of school staff from local schools in addition to SCP (School Completion Programme) and CYPSC (Children and Young Person’s Services Committees) representatives in Dublin 24. The purpose of this Working Group is to identify a suitable targeted intervention and to provide oversight on the intervention (FRIENDS programme) being rolled out in schools currently.
Advisory Group
In addition, an overall Advisory Group is in place to troubleshoot, support connectivity and inform implementation. This includes members from some of the Working Groups in addition to experts from Children and Youth Mental Health Services.
The Nova programme is also undergoing constant monitoring and evaluation processes for each strand of the programme. The various elements of the programme were identified through a rigorous review of proven models of intervention.
The Nova programme has several ambitious outcomes:
- Improved student well-being and school engagement
- Out of school, young children return to school
- Parents have improved skills to support children to engage in school
- Decreased parental anxiety about child school engagement and wellbeing
- Improved systems for early intervention to manage school avoidance
- Effective interagency practice model developed to respond to school avoidance
- Young people take part in and report satisfaction regarding school-based support intervention
- Increase in young people accessing appropriate support across the continuum
Youth Advisory Group
The Nova programme is fortunate to work with committed young people from St Marks Community School as part of our Youth Advisory Group (YAG). These young people are vocal about improving the school experience for students in Dublin 24. The YAG meetings use the Lundy model of child and youth participation. Our YAG members have a long list of achievements but some include meeting with Gaisce, undertaking Restorative Practice Training and creating valuable resources for Nova.
Tell us what you think / service user feedback
If you require any further information or wish to get in contact regarding the Nova programme please contact:
Michelle Collins
Nova Coordinator, Youth Mental Health Programme
T: 083 471 6671
E: m.collins@cdi.ie
Michelle joined the team in September 2023 as our School Engagement and Wellbeing Coordinator. She is responsible for the Nova Programme and holds an MA in Applied Psychology (Mental Health) and a BA in Applied Psychology. Michelle is currently completing a Specialist Certificate in Youth Mental Health Promotion. Michelle has previously worked in youth justice and several community-based and national organisations. Michelle volunteers with a youth project. She is passionate about working to improve outcomes for young people.
If you are a teacher in a Nova partner school and wish to order FRIENDS resources, you can also do so through contacting the Nova coordinator.
‘The Nova project has been transformative in our school community. The integration of services and supports has been effective, efficient and engaging for families, pupils and school staff. The utilisation of Friends for Life has been a coordinated effort with focus and more dynamic pupil activities. The introduction of Meitheal based EBSA family engagement has been powerful and progressive. The Meitheal based interventions in our school with our two target families have already had immense traction. Thanks to this intervention we have gotten a mam a part-time job and engaged in a personal development course. A father has re-skilled. A créche place has been sourced and secured for an at-risk sibling. A community support has been put in place for the target child. An assessment referral has been submitted for an at-risk pupil. Team meetings of support for both families have led to much teacher-pupil engagement and both pupils have improved their attendance but more importantly, have reported more self-awareness and self-confidence in school engagement.
We are indebted to the Nova project for this integrative support. As a Meitheal-trained Lead Practitioner who has coordinated many Meitheals over the last number of years, I am a huge advocate of this type of support. I would highly endorse the continued use of this type of support for at-risk families’ – Brid Doran – St Aidan’s Senior National School
‘I am thrilled to be part of the Nova Project for the Tallaght area. By tackling school avoidance head-on, establishing a school avoidance toolkit, specific to the area and promoting the Friends for Life programme, it’s making a tangible difference in our community. The targeted work with identified young people, focusing on mental health and school attendance, is particularly commendable. Michelle, the Coordinator has a lovely gentle manner, and this enables her to earn the trust of the families and young people involved. This project is not just about education; it’s about empowering our youth and promoting positive mental health. I wholeheartedly support the Nova Project and its mission.’ – Amanda Cullen – Senior Educational Welfare Officer TESS